In general, carbon steel and low alloy tool steel can be used as cutting tools, but also as molds. T8,T10,T12 are commonly used carbon tool steels, among which T10 is the most used. Due to the low harden-ability and large deformation of carbon tool steel during heat treatment, it is only suitable for the manufacture of small size, simple shape and light load molds.

Commonly used low alloy tool steels are 9Mn2V, CrWMn,GCr15,9SiCr and so on. Compared with carbon tool steel, low-alloy tool steel has higher harden-ability, smaller heat treatment deformation and better wear resistance, so it can make tool steel with larger size, more complex shape and higher precision requirements.

CrWMn,GCr15,9SiCr and other steel characteristics have been introduced in front, here we mainly discuss the low alloy tool steel 9Mn2V.

Low alloy tool steel 9Mn2V contains more Mn element, which improves harden-ability. The critical diameter of oil quenching of low alloy tool steel 9Mn2V is about 30mm. The presence of Mn reduces the critical point of Martensitic transformation, and there is more AR at room temperature.

About 20-22% (volume fraction), so the deformation during quenching is relatively small. Appropriate amount of V can overcome the shortcoming of Mn, reduce the overheating sensitivity of steel and refine the grain size, and a small amount of VC carbide can improve the wear resistance of steel. The disadvantage of low alloy tool steel 9Mn2V is that the hardness is slightly low, the temper stability is poor, the general temper temperature is below 200℃, and VC carbide makes the grinding performance worse. Because the low-alloy tool steel 9Mn2V is in line with China's resources, it overcomes the shortcomings of T10 steel's low harden-ability and large deformation, and does not have the defects that CrWMn steel network carbide is difficult to eliminate, so almost all types of cold working molds can be used. In order to avoid the first kind of temper brittleness, the sensitive range should be avoided in the selection of tempering temperature, and the low alloy tool steel 9Mn2V should not be tempered at 190-230℃.

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